Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, norms, and behaviors that shape the work environment within a company or organization. While there isn’t a universally agreed-upon categorization of organizational culture types, researchers and experts often describe different models to help understand the various cultural orientations that organizations can exhibit. One of the most well-known models categorizes organizational culture into four primary types, each with three subtypes. These are based on the Competing Values Framework developed by Robert E. Quinn and Kim S. Cameron.
Here are the four primary types along with their subtypes:
- Clan Culture:
- Collaborative Culture: Emphasizes teamwork, open communication, and a supportive environment.
- Developmental Culture: Focuses on employee growth, mentorship, and long-term relationships.
- Adhocracy Culture:
- Entrepreneurial Culture: Encourages innovation, risk-taking, and adaptability to change.
- Market Culture: Driven by competition, results, and a focus on customers and profitability.
- Hierarchy Culture:
- Control Culture: Prioritizes stability, efficiency, and consistency through rules and regulations.
- Bureaucratic Culture: Emphasizes processes, formalization, and clear structures.
- Market Culture:
- Results Culture: Focuses on achieving goals and outcomes, often through competition and achievement.
- Competitive Culture: Strives to outperform competitors and be the best in the industry.
It’s worth noting that other models and frameworks might propose different types of organizational culture or categorizations. The above model is one of the more widely recognized ones and provides a useful way to think about the different orientations that organizational cultures can take.
Remember that an organization’s culture can be complex and might not fit neatly into a single category. Cultures can evolve over time and might also have elements of multiple cultural types. It’s also important to consider that cultures can vary within different departments or teams within the same organization.
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